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Sir Richard III Weston (1591–1652) was an English canal builder and agricultural improver. He instigated the construction of the Wey Navigation—one of the first man-made navigations in Britain—and introduced new plants and systems of crop rotation. == Biography == Weston was born in 1591,〔Harrison, Frederic, ''Annals of an Old Manor House: Sutton Place,'' Guildford, London, 1899, p.121〕 the eldest son of Sir Richard II Weston (1564-1613) of Sutton Place, Surrey, by Jane Dister (d.1625), daughter of John Dister of Bergholt, Essex. He was the great-great-grandson of Sir Richard I Weston (1465-1541), builder of Sutton Place. He was educated, or spent part of his early life in Flanders. In 1613 he succeeded to the family estates at Sutton and Clandon〔"Weston, Richard (1591-1652)". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.〕 and was knighted on 27 July 1622 at Guildford.〔 Walter Charles Metcalfe (ed.) ''(Book of Knights Banneret, Knights of the Bath et., IV Henry VI to 1660 )'', London (1885), p. 180.〕 Sir Richard Weston was ambassador from England to Frederic the fifth, Elector Palatine, and King of Bohemia, in 1619. He was present at the famous battle of Prague in 1620.〔Richard Weston Esq. ''Tracts on Practical Agriculture and Gardening: Particularly Addressed to the Gentlemen-farmers in Great-Britain : with Several Useful Improvements in Stoves and Green-houses ; to which is Added a Chronological Catalogue of English Authors on Agriculture, Botany, Gardening Etc.'' Hooper, 1773. p. 24〕 Early 1630s Weston decided to copy the canal and lock system then prevalent in The Netherlands to make the River Wey navigable between Weybridge and Guildford. He was appointed one of the Royal Commissioners to oversee the work in 1635. During the English Civil War (1642–1651), his property was sequestrated and he took himself into exile. In 1644 he visited Ghent, Bruges and Antwerp and took the opportunity to study agricultural methods in use there. By 1649 he was back in England and instigated a bill in parliament to authorise the construction of the navigation which became an Act of Parliament in 1651. Weston immediately set to work on construction, although he died before the scheme reached completion. One of his first agricultural schemes was to increase the hay yield, by introducing a new strain of hay and by irrigation schemes. He also introduced from Flanders a crop rotation scheme based on clover, flax and turnips. In 1645 he had written an account of Flemish husbandry which formed the basis of the "Discours" which was published in various versions in 1651 and 1652. Weston died aged 61 and was buried at Trinity Chapel Guildford. He married Grace Harper of Cheshunt and by her had seven sons and two daughters. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Richard Weston (canal builder)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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